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Prime Examples of California Policies Destroying Towns

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24/7 Wall St. Insights

  • Those most likely to experience poverty are people living in a home where the head of household is unemployed.
  • California ranks in the top 10 in terms of wealth, but there are still California towns that see a high poverty rate.

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Poverty is not new to American life. In fact, homelessness became a national issue as early as the 1870s. Poverty has fluctuated over time, with the highest national poverty rate recorded in the 195os, at 22%. The lowest rate was documented as recently as 2019, at only 10.5%. In modern America, those most likely to experience poverty are Black Americans (19.5%); individuals residing in homes without men, such as single women (23%); those lacking a high school education (25.2%); and people living in a home where the head of household is out of work (30%).

There is great variety in the level of poverty across the nation. A handful of Eastcoast states, including Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Maryland rank in the top 10 wealthiest states in the country. This is due in part to their proximity to top universities like Harvard and Princeton. Since earning potential is directly linked to education, these findings are not hard to believe. Though the state of California also ranks in the top 10 in terms of wealth, there are still some towns in the Westcoast state that see a high poverty rate.

The effects of poverty extend far beyond economics. According to the latest Pulse Survey from the U.S. Census Bureau, 38% of American adults earning less than $25,000 reported feeling depressed or hopeless on most days, compared to 17% of all adults. Additionally, 27% of adults in the lowest income bracket reported not having enough to eat within the last week, three times the food insufficiency rate among all adults.

In most of the country, including California, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services sets the poverty line at an annual income of $15,060 for individuals and $31,200 for a family of four. In California, 12.1% of the population live below these thresholds — and in many towns across the state, the poverty rate is far higher.

Using five-year estimates from the Census’ 2022 American Community Survey, 24/7 Wall St. identified the towns in California with the highest poverty rates. We considered all places — including cities, towns, and unincorporated communities — with populations between 5,000 and 50,000. Because the presence of colleges and universities can distort economic realities in a given area, places where 20% or more of the population are enrolled in a post-secondary institution were excluded from analysis.

Among the 35 places on this list, poverty rates range from 23.3% to 46.5%, and in each of these places, the typical household earns less than the statewide median household income of $91,905.

Widespread financial hardship in these areas is partially attributable to a lack of economic opportunity. In most places on this list, the five-year average unemployment rate is higher than the comparable 6.4% jobless rate across California.

Incomes and job security tend to rise with educational attainment. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the typical worker with a bachelor’s degree earns 66% more than those with no more than a high school diploma. Additionally, workers with only a high school education are far more likely to be unemployed than college graduates. In every town on this list, the share of adults with a bachelor’s degree is below the 35.9% statewide bachelor’s degree attainment rate.

Why It Matters

The United States is, in many ways, the center of gravity of the global economy. The U.S. dollar has been the world’s leading reserve currency since the end of World War II, and American gross domestic product accounts for over a quarter of economic activity worldwide. Despite these advantages, more than one in every 10 Americans have been living below the poverty line for decades. For those facing serious financial hardship, the effects are far reaching. Poverty can negatively impact mental health, social relationships, and life expectancy.

35. Oroville

  • Poverty rate: 23.3%
  • Median household income: $46,362
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 7.5%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 14.1%
  • Population: 20,283

34. Bell

  • Poverty rate: 23.4%
  • Median household income: $56,685
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 6.5%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 8.8%
  • Population: 33,377

33. West Modesto

  • Poverty rate: 23.4%
  • Median household income: $55,500
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.7%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 7.1%
  • Population: 5,438

32. Brawley

  • Poverty rate: 23.6%
  • Median household income: $56,229
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 18.1%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 15.2%
  • Population: 26,509

31. Bell Gardens

  • Poverty rate: 23.6%
  • Median household income: $53,935
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 5.7%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 6.1%
  • Population: 39,263

30. Holtville

  • Poverty rate: 23.7%
  • Median household income: $44,939
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 11.2%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 11.6%
  • Population: 5,620

29. Marysville

  • Poverty rate: 24.2%
  • Median household income: $52,012
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 7.5%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 14.7%
  • Population: 12,681

28. Potomac Park

  • Poverty rate: 24.5%
  • Median household income: $51,739
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 13.7%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 4.2%
  • Population: 10,697

27. Woodlake

  • Poverty rate: 24.5%
  • Median household income: $44,719
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.1%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 11.4%
  • Population: 7,495

26. Farmersville

  • Poverty rate: 24.6%
  • Median household income: $52,714
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.8%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 4.5%
  • Population: 10,393

25. Clearlake

  • Poverty rate: 24.7%
  • Median household income: $41,047
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 16.7%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 7.8%
  • Population: 16,612

24. Willows

  • Poverty rate: 25.3%
  • Median household income: $61,806
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.2%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 16.8%
  • Population: 6,201

23. Orosi

  • Poverty rate: 25.9%
  • Median household income: $52,692
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 10.6%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 5.7%
  • Population: 9,100

22. Cudahy

  • Poverty rate: 26.7%
  • Median household income: $49,596
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.2%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 5.3%
  • Population: 22,657

21. McFarland

  • Poverty rate: 26.8%
  • Median household income: $42,641
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 6.4%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 4.0%
  • Population: 13,971

20. Parlier

  • Poverty rate: 27.4%
  • Median household income: $50,026
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 6.9%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 4.9%
  • Population: 14,625

19. Guadalupe

  • Poverty rate: 27.6%
  • Median household income: $66,026
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.5%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 8.8%
  • Population: 8,272

18. Corcoran

  • Poverty rate: 27.6%
  • Median household income: $53,103
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 11.2%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 3.9%
  • Population: 22,808

17. Keyes

  • Poverty rate: 27.7%
  • Median household income: $57,710
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 8.9%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 6.0%
  • Population: 5,827

16. Dinuba

  • Poverty rate: 27.8%
  • Median household income: $54,590
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 11.0%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 12.3%
  • Population: 24,713

15. East Niles

  • Poverty rate: 28.3%
  • Median household income: $50,668
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 8.6%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 7.6%
  • Population: 29,981

14. Calipatria

  • Poverty rate: 28.6%
  • Median household income: $43,095
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 14.5%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 1.4%
  • Population: 6,579

13. Arvin

  • Poverty rate: 28.7%
  • Median household income: $47,997
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 11.1%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 3.9%
  • Population: 19,613

12. Oildale

  • Poverty rate: 29.1%
  • Median household income: $45,976
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 11.4%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 11.4%
  • Population: 34,796

11. Lemon Hill

  • Poverty rate: 29.3%
  • Median household income: $47,080
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.0%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 8.5%
  • Population: 14,824

10. Huron

  • Poverty rate: 32.1%
  • Median household income: $43,664
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 12.4%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 2.9%
  • Population: 6,260

9. Lamont

  • Poverty rate: 32.4%
  • Median household income: $37,164
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 9.5%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 2.7%
  • Population: 13,715

8. Lucerne Valley

  • Poverty rate: 32.4%
  • Median household income: $45,444
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 21.7%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 16.3%
  • Population: 6,212

7. Mendota

  • Poverty rate: 32.7%
  • Median household income: $43,315
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 11.4%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 3.6%
  • Population: 12,603

6. Fruitridge Pocket

  • Poverty rate: 33.1%
  • Median household income: $47,604
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 6.4%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 18.6%
  • Population: 5,596

5. Lindsay

  • Poverty rate: 33.9%
  • Median household income: $44,816
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 17.1%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 4.7%
  • Population: 12,581

4. East Porterville

  • Poverty rate: 41.8%
  • Median household income: $31,816
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 25.4%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 2.1%
  • Population: 5,424

3. Firebaugh

  • Poverty rate: 43.3%
  • Median household income: $36,078
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 18.3%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 3.9%
  • Population: 8,139

2. East Bakersfield

  • Poverty rate: 45.6%
  • Median household income: $31,323
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 13.8%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 2.4%
  • Population: 10,754

1. Orange Cove

  • Poverty rate: 46.5%
  • Median household income: $33,671
  • 5-yr. avg. unemployment rate: 13.7%
  • Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher: 6.7%
  • Population: 9,635
Rank Place Poverty rate (%) Median household income ($) Unemployment rate (%) Adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher (%) Total population
1 Orange Cove, California 46.5 33,671 13.7 6.7 9,635
2 East Bakersfield, California 45.6 31,323 13.8 2.4 10,754
3 Firebaugh, California 43.3 36,078 18.3 3.9 8,139
4 East Porterville, California 41.8 31,816 25.4 2.1 5,424
5 Lindsay, California 33.9 44,816 17.1 4.7 12,581
6 Fruitridge Pocket, California 33.1 47,604 6.4 18.6 5,596
7 Mendota, California 32.7 43,315 11.4 3.6 12,603
8 Lucerne Valley, California 32.4 45,444 21.7 16.3 6,212
9 Lamont, California 32.4 37,164 9.5 2.7 13,715
10 Huron, California 32.1 43,664 12.4 2.9 6,260
11 Lemon Hill, California 29.3 47,080 9.0 8.5 14,824
12 Oildale, California 29.1 45,976 11.4 11.4 34,796
13 Arvin, California 28.7 47,997 11.1 3.9 19,613
14 Calipatria, California 28.6 43,095 14.5 1.4 6,579
15 East Niles, California 28.3 50,668 8.6 7.6 29,981
16 Dinuba, California 27.8 54,590 11.0 12.3 24,713
17 Keyes, California 27.7 57,710 8.9 6.0 5,827
18 Corcoran, California 27.6 53,103 11.2 3.9 22,808
19 Guadalupe, California 27.6 66,026 9.5 8.8 8,272
20 Parlier, California 27.4 50,026 6.9 4.9 14,625
21 McFarland, California 26.8 42,641 6.4 4.0 13,971
22 Cudahy, California 26.7 49,596 9.2 5.3 22,657
23 Orosi, California 25.9 52,692 10.6 5.7 9,100
24 Willows, California 25.3 61,806 9.2 16.8 6,201
25 Clearlake, California 24.7 41,047 16.7 7.8 16,612
26 Farmersville, California 24.6 52,714 9.8 4.5 10,393
27 Woodlake, California 24.5 44,719 9.1 11.4 7,495
28 Potomac Park, California 24.5 51,739 13.7 4.2 10,697
29 Marysville, California 24.2 52,012 7.5 14.7 12,681
30 Holtville, California 23.7 44,939 11.2 11.6 5,620
31 Bell Gardens, California 23.6 53,935 5.7 6.1 39,263
32 Brawley, California 23.6 56,229 18.1 15.2 26,509
33 West Modesto, California 23.4 55,500 9.7 7.1 5,438
34 Bell, California 23.4 56,685 6.5 8.8 33,377
35 Oroville, California 23.3 46,362 7.5 14.1 20,283

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